Category Russia
Austro-Hungarian Red Book: Count Berchtold to Count Szapary, 28 July 1914
On 28 July 1914, the Austro-Hungarian Minister of Foreign Affairs, Leopold Count Berchtold (pictured), sent a private telegram to the Austro-Hungarian Ambassador to Russia, Frigyes Count Szapary. In his telegram, Berchtold reminds Szapary that Austria-Hungary will not come to a negotiated settlement with Serbia despite Russian diplomatic overtures. Berchtold also describes his conversation with the […]
Austro-Hungarian Red Book: Count Szapary to Count Berchtold, 28 July 1914
On 28 July 1914, the Austro-Hungarian Ambassador to Russia, Frigyes Count Szapary (pictured), sent a coded and strictly confidential telegram to the Austro-Hungarian Minister of Foreign Affairs, Leopold Count Berchtold. In his telegram, Szapary recounts the meeting of the German Ambassador to Russia, Count Pourtalès, with the Russian Minister of Foreign Affairs, Sergei Sazonov. Count Szapary […]
Austro-Hungarian Red Book: Count Szapary to Count Berchtold, 28 July 1914
On 28 July 1914, the Austro-Hungarian Ambassador to Russia, Frigyes Count Szapary (pictured), sent a coded telegram to the Austro-Hungarian Minister of Foreign Affairs, Leopold Count Berchtold. In his telegram, Szapary describes Russian perceptions of the Austro-German alliance days before the outbreak of the First World War. Count Szapary to Count Berchtold. Petersburg, 28 July 1914. Cyphered. […]
Austro-Hungarian Red Book: Herr von Paumgartner to Count Berchtold, 27 July 1914
On 27 July 1914, an Austro-Hungarian agent in Russia, Herr von Paumgartner, wrote to the Austro-Hungrian Minister of Foreign Affairs, Leopold Count Berchtold (pictured). Paumgartner’s telegram confirms reports of the mobilisation of the Russian army. Herr von Paumgartner to Count Berchtold. Odessa, 27 July 1914. Cyphered. Mobilisation orders for military districts of Odessa, Kiev and Warsaw […]
Austro-Hungarian Red Book: Count Berchtold to the Austro-Hungarian Ambassadors in St. Petersburg, Rome, Paris, London and Berlin, 27 July 1914
On 27 July 1914, the Austro-Hungarian Minister of Foreign Affairs, Leopold Count Berchtold (pictured), sent a telegram to the Austro-Hungarian ambassadors in St. Petersburg, Rome, Paris, London, and Berlin. In his telegram, Berchtold reiterates the wish to localise the conflict between Austria-Hungary and Serbia. Count Berchtold to the Imperial and Royal Ambassadors in St. Petersburg, […]
Austro-Hungarian Red Book: Count Szapary to Count Berchtold, 27 July 1914
On 27 July 1914, the Austro-Hungarian Ambassador to Russia, Frigyes Count Szapary (pictured), sent a private coded telegram to the Austro-Hungarian Minister of Foreign Affairs, Leopold Count Berchtold. In his telegram, Szapary describes his conversation with the Russian Minister of Foreign Affairs, Sergei Sazonov. A common theme throughout the document is the danger of escalation into a European war. Count Szapary to Count […]
Austro-Hungarian Red Book: Count Szapary to Count Berchtold, 26 July 1914.
On 26 July 1914, the Austro-Hungarian Ambassador to Russia, Frigyes Count Szapary (pictured), sent a private coded telegram to the Austro-Hungarian Minister of Foreign Affairs, Leopold Count Berchtold. In his telegram, Szapary informs Berchtold of Russia’s impending general mobilisation and military measures. His telegram reveals close collaboration with Austria-Hungary’s German ally. Count Szapary to Count Berchtold. […]
Austro-Hungarian Red Book: Count Szapary to Count Berchtold, 26 July 1914
On 26 July 1914, the Austro-Hungarian Ambassador to Russia, Frigyes Count Szapary (pictured), sent a coded telegram to the Austro-Hunarian Minister of Foreign Affairs, Leopold Count Berchtold. In his telegram, Szapary informs Berchtold of Russia’s impending general mobilisation. Russia was the first Great Power to mobilise its army in the July Crisis. Count Szapary to Count […]
The July Crisis: 100 Years On, 1914-2014 